In today's rapidly developing technology era, the update and replacement of electronic products are happening at an increasingly rapid pace, which has led to a large number of discarded printed circuit boards (PCBs) and integrated circuits (ICs).These seemingly insignificant small components contain precious metals, rare materials, and potential environmental pollution risks.How to scientifically and efficiently recycle and process them has become an important issue in resource recycling and environmental protection. The recycling and processing of PCB boards and ICs typically involves the following key steps: 1. Sorting and disassembling First, discarded electronic devices need to be manually or mechanically sorted to separate PCB boards and IC chips from the whole machine.For reusable components, they will be inspected and refurbished; for completely scrapped parts, they will enter the next stage of processing. 2. Physical crushing and sorting PCB boards are crushed into fine particles using crushers and grinders, and then different components made of metals, plastics, and ceramics are separated using magnetic sorting, wind sorting, and eddy current sorting technologies.This process can efficiently recover basic metals such as copper, aluminum, and iron. 3. Chemical extraction and refining Integrated circuits and PCB boards are often plated with precious metals such as gold, silver, and palladium.These high-value materials can be extracted using wet metallurgy processes such as acid leaching, electrolysis, and cyanidation.Modern technologies are also gradually promoting environmentally friendly methods such as cyanide-free leaching and biological leaching to reduce secondary pollution. 4. Harmless treatment Harmful substances such as waste acids, waste liquids, and halogen-containing flame retardants generated during the recycling process need to be professionally treated to ensure compliance with environmental discharge standards.Some non-metallic residues can also be used in building materials production to maximize resource utilization. At present, the European Union, Japan, and other regions have established comprehensive e-waste recycling systems, while China is also actively promoting the "extended producer responsibility system" to encourage enterprises to participate in green design and recycling.As consumers, we should also take the initiative to send waste electronic products to formal recycling points to avoid causing environmental pollution by random disposal. The recycling of PCB boards and ICs is not only about cherishing resources, but also about taking responsibility for the Earth.Through the combination of technology and environmental protection, let every discarded circuit board find its "road to regeneration".